Moodle URL Manipulation Remote Account Information Disclosure

https://www.osisecurity.com.au/moodle-url-manipulation-remote-account-information-disclosure.html

Date:
04-Apr-2017

Product:
Moodle

Versions affected:
2.4.10, 2.5.6, 2.6.3, 2.7 and earlier.

Vulnerability:
Information disclosure.

Example:
/user/edit.php?id= reveals account owner name

1. Log in to http://demo.moodle.net/ as user student:sandbox.
2. Click view profile when logged in (student is id=4).
3. Change id parameter from 4 to 3, which is the teacher
(http://demo.moodle.net/user/profile.php?id=3). The HTML response says
'Terri Teacher' who the 'student' user has access to.
4. Change id parameter to 2
(http://demo.moodle.net/user/profile.php?id=2). The HTML response says
"The details of this user are not available to you" and the navigation
bar above says "Home / My profile / View profile / User".
5. Note that it says "User" - but hides the name!
6. Change the URL from profile.php to edit.php
(http://demo.moodle.net/user/edit.php?id=2).
7. The HTML message is "Sorry, but you do not currently have
permissions to do that (Edit user profile)" ... BUT, the navigation
bar says "Home / Users / Admin User".
Voilà! The account name is "Admin User"

Effective on university websites which have 1+ million end users.

Credit:
Discovered by Patrick Webster

Disclosure timeline:
29-May-2014 - Discovered during audit, reported to tracker.
11-Jul-2014 - Fix committed MDL-45760.
14-Jul-2014 - Patch released for 2.4.11, 2.5.7, 2.6.4, 2.7.1.
04-Apr-2017 - Public disclosure.

About OSI Security:

OSI Security is an independent network and computer security auditing
and consulting company based in Sydney, Australia. We provide internal
and external penetration testing, vulnerability auditing and wireless
site audits, vendor product assessments, secure network design,
forensics and risk mitigation services.

We can be found at http://www.osisecurity.com.au/

OS-S-2017-01: The password for the application protection of the Schneider Modicon TM221CE16R can be retrieved without authentication. Subsequently the application may be arbitrarily downloaded, uploaded and modified. CVSS 10.

OpenSource Security Ralf Spenneberg
Am Bahnhof 3-5
48565 Steinfurt
info@os-s.net

OS-S Security Advisory 2017-01
Date: April 4th, 2017
Authors: Simon Heming, Maik Brüggemann, Hendrik Schwartke, Ralf Spenneberg
CVE: not yet assigned
CVSS: 10
Affected Device: Schneider Modicon TM221CE16R, Firmware 1.3.3.3
Title: The password for the application protection of the Schneider
Modicon TM221CE16R can be retrieved without authentication. Subsequently
the application may be arbitrarily downloaded, uploaded and modified.
Severity: Critical. The protection of the application is not existant.
Ease of Exploitation: Trivial
Vulnerability type: Information Disclosure
Vendor contacted: December 23rd, 2016

Abstract
The Application Protection is used to prevent the transfer of the
application from a logic controller into a SoMachine Basic project. A
simple command (seen below) can be send via Modbus over TCP port 502 to
the logic controller and it will return the password unencrypted.

// bash command
echo -n -e '\x00\x01\x00\x00\x00\x05\x01\x5a\x00\x03\x00' | nc IP 502

After that the retrieved password can be entered in SoMachine Basic to
download, modify and subsequently upload again any desired application.

Vendor Contacted
We contacted the vendor. Apart from the first acknowledgement of the
receipt of the report we did not receive any further information.

PDF: https://www.os-s.net/advisories/OSS-2017-01.pdf

The password for the project protection of the Schneider Modicon TM221CE16R is hard-coded and cannot be changed.

OpenSource Security Ralf Spenneberg
Am Bahnhof 3-5
48565 Steinfurt
info@os-s.net

OS-S Security Advisory 2017-02

Date: April 4th, 2017
Authors: Simon Heming, Maik Brüggemann, Hendrik Schwartke, Ralf Spenneberg
CVE: not yet assigned
CVSS: 10
Affected Device: Schneider SoMachine Basic 1.4 SP1, Schneider Modicon
TM221CE16R, Firmware 1.3.3.3

Title: The password for the project protection of the Schneider Modicon
TM221CE16R is hard-coded and cannot be changed.
Severity: Critical. The protection of the application is not existant.
Ease of Exploitation: Trivial
Vulnerability type: Information Disclosure
Vendor contacted: December 23rd, 2016

Abstract
The Project Protection is used to prevent unauthorized users from
opening the protected project file by prompting the user for a password.
The XML file is AES-CBC encrypted, however the key used for encryption
is hard coded and cannot be changed. The key used for encryption is:
“SoMachineBasicSoMachineBasicSo
Ma”. After decrypting the XML file with
the standard password the user password can be found in the decrypted
data. After reading the user password the project can be opened and
modified with SoMachine Basic.

Vendor Contacted
We contacted the vendor. Apart from the first acknowledgement of the
receipt of the report we did not receive any further information.

PDF: https://www.os-s.net/advisories/OSS-2017-02.pdf